There is also a presence of the Orthodox Church,Buddhism,Islamand the Hindi religion, especially in Fiji. The population of the Oceania continent is projected to increase from 42.7 million in 2020 to 57.4 million in 2050. [272] Predominant bird species in the country include the Australian magpie, Australian raven, the pied currawong, crested pigeons and the laughing kookaburra. Find the Countries of Europe - No Outlines Minefield. I. New Zealand's economy is the 53rd-largest in the world measured by nominal gross domestic product (GDP) and 68th-largest in the world measured by purchasing power parity (PPP). [224][225] The United States fought the Battle of Guam from 21 July to 10 August 1944, to recapture the island from Japanese military occupation. The Polynesian people are considered to be by linguistic, archaeological and human genetic ancestry a subset of the sea-migrating Austronesian people and tracing Polynesian languages places their prehistoric origins in the Malay Archipelago, and ultimately, in Taiwan. In 2011, Hawaii saw increasing arrivals and share of foreign tourists from Canada, Australia, and China increasing 13%, 24% and 21% respectively from 2010. In 2006 Australia left the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC) for the Asian Football Confederation (AFC), and their men's team the Socceroos have qualified for every subsequent FIFA World Cup as an Asian entrant. South Island is dominated by the Southern Alps. Asia is the most populous continent by a massive margin as it has a population of nearly 3.5x of the second-most populous continent Africa. Description . [66][113] Brown also categorized Japan and Taiwan as being in the same part of the world as the islands of Oceania, and excluded them from The Countries of the World: Volume 5, which covered mainland Asia and Hong Kong. [370], Tourism in New Zealand contributes NZ$7.3 billion (or 4%) of the country's GDP in 2013, as well as directly supporting 110,800 full-time equivalent jobs (nearly 6% of New Zealand's workforce). [84] Aside from mainland Australia, areas that she identified as of high importance were Borneo, Hawaii, Indonesia's Java and Sumatra, New Guinea, New Zealand, the Philippines, French Polynesia's Society Islands, Tasmania, and Tonga. Australasia: Australia: 24 million, Canberra New Zealand: 5 million, Wellington Oceania's subregions of Australasia, Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia cover two major plates; the Australian Plate (also known as the Indo-Australian Plate) and the Pacific Plate, in addition to two minor plates; the Nazca Plate and the Philippine Sea Plate. What Is The Population Of Oceania. Japan's Bonin and Ryukyu Islands are also considered to be subtropical islands, with the main Japanese archipelago being non-tropical. [284], Most regions of New Zealand belong to the temperate zone with a maritime climate (Kppen climate classification: Cfb) characterised by four distinct seasons. Piramide della popolazione: Oceania - 1986. Yearly Change: For 2019: absolute change in total population (increase or decrease in number of people) over the last year (from July 1, 2018 to June 30 2019). The Gilbert Islands (now known as Kiribati) and the Ellice Islands (now known as Tuvalu) came under Britain's sphere of influence in the late 19th century. [96] Islands in marginal seas of the Pacific were also covered in the book, including Alaska's Pribilof Islands (located to the north of the Aleutian chain in the subarctic Bering Sea) and China's Hainan (located in the South China Sea). Population: 23,232,413 Capital: Canberra Even though the continent of Australia has the most species of marsupials, they originated in South America, back when the continents were the landmass of Gondwana. Trends i. It is extremely rare at sea level in the North Island. Oceania (UK: /osini, oi-, -en-/, US: /oini/ (listen), /-n-/)[5] is a geographical region that is described as a continent in some parts of the world. Asia will add 620 mn more before reaching a peak in 2055, with home to 5.3 billion people. [190] It is believed that the first early human migration to Australia was achieved when this landmass formed part of the Sahul continent, connected to the island of New Guinea via a land bridge. "[106] The Japanese archipelago, the Malay archipelago and Taiwan and other islands near China are often deemed as a geological extension of Asia, since they do not have oceanic geology, instead being detached fragments of the Eurasian continent that were once physiologically connected. The lieutenant governor acts as the Secretary of State. Introduction II. APT Satellite provides satellite communication and satellite . [356][357] The economy diversified and by 2008, tourism had become the single biggest generator of foreign exchange. Some also theorize that Indigenous Australians are related to the Ainu people, who are the original inhabitants of Japan's Hokkaido, the Kuril Islands and the southern part of Sakhalin. APT Satellite is a leading satellite operator in Asia-Pacific. [436] The most popular sport among Australian women is netball, while Australian rules football garners the highest spectatorship numbers and television ratings. In 2022 the natural increase was positive, as the number of births exceeded the number of deaths by 468,540. When compared to the other continents, Oceania is the smallest in land area and the second least populated after Antarctica. [336] Puerto Rican immigration to Hawaii began in 1899 when Puerto Rico's sugar industry was devastated by two hurricanes, causing a worldwide shortage of sugar and a huge demand for sugar from Hawaii. [139] In the 2006 book Extinction and Biogeography of Tropical Pacific Birds, American paleontologist David Steadman wrote, "no place on earth is as perplexing as the 25,000 islands that make Oceania." For forecasted years, the U.N. medium-fertility variant is used. James, R.E., 1947. Mailing List - Vedi altro. Cultural customs such as the Samoa 'ava ceremony are significant and solemn rituals at important occasions including the bestowal of matai chiefly titles. United States Population (LIVE) [152][153] Scottish author Robert Hope Moncrieff considered Clipperton to be the easternmost point of Oceania in 1907, while Ian Todd also included it in his definition of Oceania in Island Realm: A Pacific Panorama. Countries in Oceania The following are countries that are included in the broad definition of Oceania, with their corresponding population and capitals. [207] They are believed to have been Polynesian. [443] In Papua New Guinea, the most popular sport is Rugby league. Some of the more well known and distinctive bird species in New Zealand are the kiwi, kea, takah, kakapo, mohua, t, and the bellbird. [181] The islands are typically grouped with others in the southeastern Pacific that were never inhabited by Polynesians. [289], The highest recorded temperature in Oceania occurred in Oodnadatta, South Australia (2 January 1960), where the temperature reached 50.7C (123.3F). English, French, Bislama (Bichelama) plus more than 100 local languages. The term, in its widest sense, embraces the entire insular region between Asia and the Americas. [290] The lowest temperature ever recorded in Oceania was 25.6C (14.1F), at Ranfurly in Otago in 1903, with a more recent temperature of 21.6C (6.9F) recorded in 1995 in nearby Ophir. [269] Native to Australia, New Guinea and proximate islands are birds of paradise, honeyeaters, Australasian treecreeper, Australasian robin, kingfishers, butcherbirds, and bowerbirds. On his first voyage in the 18th century, James Cook, who later arrived at the highly developed Hawaiian Islands, went to Tahiti and followed the east coast of Australia for the first time. Population growth through agriculture ii. [123] Additionally, the book includes Taiwan and the entire Malay archipelago as part of Oceania. The total population of Oceania minus mainland Australia is about 18 million. [28] Ocanie derives from the Latin word oceanus, and this from the Greek word (keans), "ocean". In 2005, the World Bank praised New Zealand as the most business-friendly country in the world. including Australia, 31,377,000. This has contributed $1 billion or more to Fiji's economy since 1995, but the Government of Fiji likely underestimates these figures due to the invisible economy inside the tourism industry. [220], One of the first land offensives in Oceania was the Occupation of German Samoa in August 1914 by New Zealand forces. Almost 13,000 Portuguese immigrants had arrived by 1899; they also worked on the sugarcane plantations. These industries play a small role in the Hawaiian economy, due to the shipping distance to viable markets, such as the West Coast of the contiguous U.S. [17], Definitions of Oceania vary. Due to external migration, the population increased by 214,649. [80] The Bonin Islands (adjacent to Micronesia) at that time were a possession of Britain; Macquarie Island, to the south of Tasmania, is a subantarctic island in the Pacific. List of cities in Oceania by population City Country Urban area Sydney Australia 4,914,343 Melbourne Australia 4,893,870 Brisbane Australia 2,430,180. ", "Neurologic Diseases in Tropical Oceania", "NZ and Australia: Big Brothers or Distant Cousins? The state's food exports include coffee, macadamia nuts, pineapple, livestock, sugarcane and honey. As of 1 July 2021, the population of Asia is projected at almost 4.68 billion or 4,680 million or 4,679,660,580 people. Koppers considered Oceania to encompass the entire 25,000 islands of the Pacific Ocean. Best Countries to Visit in Oceania. The Marshall Islands were claimed by Spain in 1874. The term, in its widest sense, embraces the entire insular region between Asia and the Americas. It is calculated as the average number of children an average woman will have during her reproductive period (15 to 49 years old) based on the current fertility rates of every age group in the countries within Oceania, and assuming she is not subject to mortality. These are: Guam, Hawaii, Christmas Island, Easter Island, Norfolk Island, Cocos Islands, Cook Islands, Coral Sea Islands, Northern Mariana Islands, Pitcairn Islands, United States Minor Outlying Islands, French Polynesia, American Samoa, Wallis and Fortuna, Niue, New Caledonia, and Tokelau. Their language was named after them. Despite centuries of European influence, Samoa maintains its historical customs, social and political systems, and language. [39], In most non-English speaking countries Oceania is treated as a continent in the sense that it is "one of the parts of the world", and Australia is only seen as an island nation. Planet Sport p. 85, Kath Woodward 2012, Australia p. 101, Sundran Rajendra 2002, New Zealand p. 76, Rebecca Hirsch 2013, Boundaries between the continents of Earth, Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, International Union for Conservation of Nature, History of the Federated States of Micronesia, Military history of Australia during World War I, Military history of Australia during World War II, List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Oceania, Regional Assistance Mission to Solomon Islands, stock exchange in Australia and in the South Pacific, Globalization and World Cities Research Network, Somewhere Over the Rainbow/What a Wonderful World, United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, "World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100", "United Nations Statistics Division National Accounts", "Oceania: Population, Characteristics, Economy And Religions", "Australia: World Audit Democracy Profile", "Kiribati: 2011 Article IV Consultation-Staff Report, Informational Annexes, Debt Sustainability Analysis, Public Information Notice on the Executive Board Discussion, and Statement by the Executive Director for Kiribati", "2011 Human Development Report: Pacific Islands' progress jeopardized by inequalities and environmental threats", "Secret Instructions to Captain Cook, 30 June 1768", "Oceania | Definition, Population, & Facts | Britannica", "Unprecedented study of Aboriginal Australians points to one shared Out of Africa migration for modern humans", "Taiwan - Sports and recreation | Britannica", The world as it is now: a series of geographical readers Part 1 By Thomas Higman, 1884, P.38, Daily Consular and Trade Reports 1928, P.532, Mineral Resources of the United States Part 1 By United States, Bureau of Mines, 1922, P.46a, Lewis & Wigen, The Myth of Continents (1997), "Australia is a Pacific island it has a responsibility", "Rudd on avoiding war and Australia's big policy failure in the Pacific", "Australia and Oceania: Physical Geography", "Martin Clunes' ultimate guide to the Pacific islands", "Environmental history of the Pacific Islands: a Bibliography |", "POLICY BRIEF: The Pacific: Transition & Uncertainty", "Micronesia: Submerged Cultural Resources Assessment", "A Classification of the Biogeographical Provinces of the World", "Tourist attractions in Easter Island & Robinson Crusoe", "Countries or areas / geographical regions", https://www.cbd.int/doc/world/tl/tl-nr-04-en.pdf, "Preliminary checklist of the naturalised and pest plants of Timor-Leste", "Australia and Oceania - The World Factbook", "How the Pacific Islands Forum Fell Apart", ".hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=%22included+in+oceania%22&pg=RA2-PA95&printsec=frontcover Archived, "Diversity of drosophilid flies on Kume-jima, a subtropical island: comparison with diversity on Iriomote-jima", "Philippines islands to reunite with mainland Asia", "ryukyu islands japan: Topics by Science.gov", "Naturally occurring Bacillus thuringiensis in oceanic islands of Japan, Daito-shoto and Ogasawara-shoto", "Marine Biodiversity in Juan Fernndez and Desventuradas Islands, Chile: Global Endemism Hotspots", "Shore Fishes of Easter Island, John E. Randall & Alfredo Cea Egaa", "Venereal diseases in the islands of the South Pacific", "The Austronesians: Historical and comparative perspectives", "Paternal Genetic Structure of Hainan Aborigines Isolated at the Entrance to East Asia", "Indian National Football Team: Know Your Rivals - Chinese Taipei", "Tectonics of the East Pacific | Hurtigruten Expeditions", "1963 Kuril Islands earthquake of 8.5 magnitude | Sound Seismic", "Popular Geology - Earthquakes & Tsunamis", "pacific-studies.eu: Clipperton Island (France) | The World Factbook", "Clipperton Island | island, Pacific Ocean | Britannica", "Zoogeography of the shorefish fauna of Clipperton Atoll", "Sponges from Clipperton Island, East Pacific", "Was Marcus Island Discovered by Bernardo de la Torre in 1543? [339], Large areas of New Guinea are unexplored by scientists and anthropologists due to extensive forestation and mountainous terrain. 12.1.2021-3.1.2023 Daily new confirmed COVID-19 cases per million people - 7-day rolling average - LOGCOVID-19 Data ExplorerOur World in Data https . "[88] British linguist Robert Needham Cust argued in 1887 that the Malay archipelago should be excluded since it had participated in Asian civilization. All summits over 2,900 m are within the Southern Alps, a chain that forms the backbone of the South Island; the highest peak of which is Aoraki / Mount Cook, at 3,754 metres (12,316ft). However, the most popular usage excludes not only the Ryukyu, Kuril, and Aleutian islands and the Japanese archipelago but also islands that are historically closely related to the Asian mainland, such as Indonesia, Taiwan, and the Philippines. "[31], In the 19th century, many geographers divided up Oceania into mostly racially based subdivisions; Australasia, Malesia (encompassing the Malay archipelago), Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia. [194], Particularly along the north coast of New Guinea and in the islands north and east of New Guinea, the Austronesian people, who had migrated into the area somewhat more than 3,000 years ago, came into contact with these pre-existing populations of Papuan-speaking peoples. Australia is situated in the middle of the tectonic plate, has occasional middle-sized earthquakes, and currently has no active volcanism (but some volcanoes in southeast Australia erupted within the last 10,000 years). He added that, "besides the proceeding, the Pacific contains many other islands, of which the most important are Hainan and Formosa, on the coast of China, the Japan isles, the Kuriles, the Aleutian Islands (stretching from the New World to the Old), Vancouver Island, the Galpagos, Juan Fernndez and Chilo. The country has one of the most globalised economies and depends greatly on international trade mainly with Australia, Canada, China, the European Union, Japan, Singapore, South Korea and the United States. Countries of Oceania Map Quiz. [248] The coastal uplands and a belt of Brigalow grasslands lie between the coast and the mountains, while inland of the dividing range are large areas of grassland. [76][77] American lexicographer Joseph Emerson Worcester wrote in 1840 that Oceania is "a term applied to a vast number of islands which are widely dispersed in the Pacific Ocean [] they are considered as forming a fifth grand division of the world." [196], The earliest archaeological traces of civilization have been found on the island of Saipan, dated to 1500 BCE or slightly before. Oceania is a region of migrants: there were an estimated 9.1 million migrants amongst the region's 41.8 million people as of mid-year 2020 ( UN DESA, 2020 ). Fertility Rate: (Total Fertility Rate, or TFR), it is expressed as children per woman. Australia and New Zealand's trading arrangements are known as Closer Economic Relations. 200 million. Although these regions, as well as the large East Asian islands of Taiwan, Hainan and the Japanese archipelago, have varying degrees of cultural connections. [316] Another one in Tuvalu belongs to the same sect. [210], In the quest for Terra Australis, Spanish explorations in the 17th century, such as the expedition led by the Portuguese navigator Pedro Fernandes de Queirs, sailed to Pitcairn and Vanuatu archipelagos, and sailed the Torres Strait between Australia and New Guinea, named after navigator Lus Vaz de Torres. [167] Some cultural and political definitions of Australasia include most or all of Melanesia, due to its geographical proximity to Australia and New Zealand, but these are rare. The notable exceptions, those islands more than 400 statute miles from any other, are: Clipperton Island, Easter Island, Salas y Gmez, Johnston Atoll, Norfolk Island, Marcus Island and Parece Vela. [283] Snow falls frequently on the highlands near the east coast, in the states of Victoria, New South Wales, Tasmania and in the Australian Capital Territory. 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